Molly CLEMENS1, Andrew WALKER2, Elizabeth WOLKOVICH3 1 University of California Davis and San Diego State University Joint Doctoral Program in Ecology* 2 3 University of California Davis Department of Viticulture and Enology University of British Columbia Department of Conservation and Forestry *corresponding author mclemens@ucdavis.edu

Fossil fuel combustion continues to drive increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, consequently elevating the global annual mean temperature and specifically increasing the growing season temperatures in many of the world’s most important wine growing regions (IPCC 2014; Jones et al 2005). Grapes are sensitive to changes in growing season temper...

Harold CLENET1,2*, Sina NAKHOSTIN3, Eve LAROCHE-PINEL1,2,4, Sylvie DUTHOIT4 1 Ecole d'Ingénieurs de PURPAN, Toulouse INP, 75 voie du TOEC, 31076 Toulouse, France UMR 1201 DYNAFOR, INRA-Toulouse INP, Chemin de Borde-Rouge, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France 3 Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre - EOST, 67084 Strasbourg, France 4 TerraNIS, 12 Avenue de l’Europe, 31520 Ramonville Saint-Agne, France 2 *Corresponding author: harold.clenet@purpan.fr

Context and purpose of the study - Vine diseases have a strong impact on vineyards sustainability, which in turns leads to strong economic consequences. Among those diseases, Flavescence dorée spreads quickly and is incurable, which led in France to the setup of a mandatory pest control implying the systematic use of pesticides and the prospectio...

Andrés CONIBERTI1*, Virginia FERRARI1, Edgardo DISEGNA1, Mario GARCIA PETILLO2, Alan N. LAKSO3 1 Programa Fruticultura, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Canelones Uruguay. 2 Departamento de Suelos y Aguas, Facultad de Agronomia, UdelaR., Montevideo, Uruguay. 3 Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Cornell University. Geneva, NY USA. *Corresponding author: aconiberti@inia.org.uy

Context and purpose of the study - Botrytis bunch rot occurrence is one of the most important limitations for the wine industry in humid environments. A positive correlation between grapevine growth and susceptibility to fungal pathogens has been found. In theory the effect of grapevine vegetative growth on bunch rot expression results from direct...

Giulia CHITARRINI1*, Maximilian LÖSCH 2, Barbara RAIFER2, Peter ROBATSCHER1 1 Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Institute for Agrochemistry and Food Quality, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, 39040 Auer, Italy 2 Physiology and Cultivation Techniques, Institute for fruit Growing and Viticulture, Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, 39040 Auer, Italy *Corresponding author: giulia.chitarrini@laimburg.it

Context and purpose of the study – Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are responsible for the flavor and aroma of a wine. The sensory qualities of the wines depend not only on grape intrinsic characteristics, but also on extrinsic factors including the soil composition. Previous studies have shown that the application of pyrogenic carbon (biochar...

Theocharis CHATZISTATHIS *, Eirini METAXA, Polyxeni PSOMA, Areti BOUNTLA, Vassilis ASCHONITIS, Panagiotis TZIACHRIS, Frantzis PAPADOPOULOS, Georgios STRIKOS Institute of Soil and Water Resources, Leoforos Georgikis Scholis Avenue, Thessaloniki (Thermi), 57001, Greece * Corresponding author: chchatzista@gmail.com

Context and purpose of the study-Vitis vinifera L. is one of the most important cultures for the soil and climate conditions of Northern Greece and Santorini. However, very little information is provided with regard to its nutritional requirements and critical levels of nutrient deficiencies and toxicities. The aim of this study was to provide an ...

Juan Luis CHACÓN*, Jesús MARTÍNEZ, Adela MENA Instituto de la Vid y el Vino de Castilla-La Mancha (IVICAM), Tomelloso, Spain *Corresponding author: jlchacon@jccm.es

Context and purpose of the study - In Castilla-La Mancha as other winegrowing regions, vineyards suffer the effects of the global climate warming. Severe spring and summer droughts are increasingly frequent, which concur with the phenological stages most susceptible to water and temperature stress. Under these conditions, irrigation use is require...

Ben-Min CHANG1, Markus KELLER1* 1 Washington State University-Irrigated Agriculture Research & Extension Center, 24106 N. Bunn Rd., Prosser, Washington, USA * Corresponding author: mkeller@wsu.edu

Context and purpose of the study – The risk of wildfires is increasing as the frequency and severity of drought and heat waves continue to rise. Wildfires are associated with the combustion of plant materials and emit smoke. In the atmosphere, smoke may spread readily across large areas. Smoke is composed of solid and liquid phase particulates a...

Emilio CELOTTI1*, Daniele GUADAGNINI2, Bernardo PIAZZA2, Sara ZANON1, Elisabetta 1 BELLANTUONO 1 Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, Section of Alcoholic Beverages. University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100, Udine (UD), Italy 2 CE.Vi.V. Centro di Vinificazione Valdobbiadenese. Via Rive 10, 31020, Vidor (TV), Italy *Corresponding author: emilio.celotti@uniud.it

Context and purpose of the study - Valbelluna valley is an area located in the northeastern Italy. It is extended from the East-West between Feltre and Belluno, along the Piave waterway and enclosed between Cansiglio valley on the South and the Dolomites in the North. Here, the villages of Limana and Trichiana are present, which are considered for...

Anabela CARNEIRO , Mariana COSTA , António GRAÇA , Natacha FONTES , Rita GAIO , Jorge QUEIROZ1 1 GreenUPorto, DGAOT, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Campus Agrário Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vila do Conde, Portugal 2 SOGRAPE VINHOS, S.A., Rua 5 de outubro 4527, 4430-852 Avintes, Portugal 3 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, and CMUP-Centre of Mathematics, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal *Corresponding author: acarneiro@fc.up.pt

Context and purpose of the study – The Portuguese wine production is characterized by wide yield fluctuations, causing considerable implications in the economic performance of this sector. The possibility of predicting the yield in advance is crucial as it enables preliminary planning and management of the available resources. The present work a...

Raul CAUDURO GIRARDELLO1*, Monica COOPER1, Rhonda SMITH1, Charles BRENNEMAN1, Anji PERRY2, Arran RUMBAUGH1, Hildegarde HEYMANN1 and Anita OBERHOLSTER1 1 Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8749, USA 2 J. Lohr Vineyards and Wines, 6169 Airport Road, Paso Robles, CA 93446, USA *Correspondent Author: rgirardello@ucdavis.edu

Context and purpose of the study: Grapevine Red Blotch disease (RB) is a recently discovered disease that has become a major concern for the viticulture and winemaking industry in California, USA. The causal agent, Grapevine Red Blotch Virus (GRBV) was identified in 2011 and its presence was confirmed in several states in the US, in Canada, and in...

Wendy CAMERON1, Sigfredo FUENTES1*, EWR BARLOW1, Kate HOWELL1 and Paul R. PETRIE2 1 2 University of Melbourne, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, VIC 3010, Australia South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Research Precinct, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia * Corresponding author: wtinson@student.unimelb.edu.au; Tel.: +61 439453260

Context and purpose of the study - Grapevine phenology has advanced across many regions, nationally and internationally, in recent decades under the influence of increasing temperatures, resulting in earlier vintages (Jones and Davis, 2000, Petrie and Sadras, 2008, Tomasi et al., 2011, Webb et al., 2011. Earlier vintages have several ramifications...

Giovanni CARGNELLO1*, Gianni TEO1,2, Ruggero LUNARDELLI1, Giuseppe COFFELE1, Giorgio 1 1 1 1 1 1 CECCHETTO , Cesare FERRETTI , Sergio FORNO , Valerio BORTOLIN , Lionello DA RIOS , Daniele GIGANTE , Stefano LUNARDELLI1, Sasha RADICON1, Edi KANTE1, Andrej SKERLJ1, Andrej BOLE1, Alessio PICININ1, Antonio KININGER1, Davide DANAU1, Marco RUPEL1, Renzo BONA1, Franco GIACOMIN1, Ivan RONCHI1, Gianmaria RIVA 1, Danilo FERRARO1, Francesco DONATI1, Luigino BARISAN1,2, Matteo MASIN1,2, Claudio BONGHI1,2, Cristian BOLZONELLA2, Stefano SCAGGIANTE2 1 2 Conegliano Campus 5.1C, Conegliano (Italy) University of Padua - Seat of Conegliano, Treviso (Italy) Correspondning author: giovannicargnello@gmail.com

In this work the first results obtained in the application of the "Charter of Sustainability Universal Holistic MetaEthic 4.1C" or "Sustainability BIO-MétaÉthique 4.1CC" of GiESCO (Carbonneau, Cargnello, 2017) will be exposed "Direct Certification and Direct Warranty of Sustainability 4.1C" applied in about twenty structures located in the hills...

Giovanni CARGNELLO1*, Alain CARBONNEAU2, Stefano SCAGGIANTE3, Cristian BOLZONELLA3, Luigino BARISAN3, Marco LUCHETTA 3, Claudio BONGHI3, Andrea DAL BIANCO3, Michela OSTAN3, 1 1 Dario DE MARCO , Francesco DONATI , Gianni TEO 1.3 1 Conegliano Campus 5.1C, Conegliano (Italy) Montpellier SupAgro, IHEV, Montpellier (Francia) 3 University of Padua - Seat of Conegliano, Treviso (Italy) 2 Corresponding authors: alain.carbonneau@supagro.fr; giovannicargnello@gmail.com

Defined the new paradigm, the applied philosophy, the methodology, the algorithm of the "Charter for Universal Holistic MetaEthic Sustainability 4.1C17.18", research has continued to define and write, an handbook that should be:"Complete Universal Holistic MetaEthics 4.1C of descriptors” of the "Charter for Sustainability Universal Holistic Meta...

Giovanni CARGNELLO , Alain CARBONNEAU , Claudio BONCHI , Stefano SCAGGIANTE , Cristian 3 3 3 BOLZONELLA , Luigino BARISAN , Gianni TEO 1 Conegliano Campus 5.1C, Conegliano (Italy) Montpellier SupAgro, IHEV, Montpellier (Francia) 3 Università di Padova - Seat of Conegliano - Treviso (Italy) 2 Corresponding authors: alain.carbonneau@supagro.fr; giovannicargnello@gmail.com

From the basic analysis carried out on the most significant sustainability and on the related international, european, Italian and local certifications and guarantees, [for example: Biodiversity Friends, Biologico-Organic, Biodinamico, California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance (CSWA) (USA), Casa Clima Wine, Certified Wine Sustainable of Chile, D...

Giovanni CARGNELLO , Alain CARBONNEAU 1 Conegliano Campus 5.1C 2 Montpellier SupAgro, IHEV, Montpellier (France) 2* Corresponding authors: alain.carbonneau@supagro.fr; giovannicargnello@gmail.com

On the basis of a direct agreement between the GiESCO and the vine grower, the winemaker and the consumers (individual; company; public or private organizations), the communication on the content of the charter can be done as follows: • Commitment to respect the basic rules of the GiESCO "BIO - MetaEthics" charter. 1/ Put Mankind in the depth of...

Giovanni CARGNELLO , Alain CARBONNEAU ,Luigi GALLETTO ,Stefano SCAGGIANTE , Cristian 3 3 3 3 3 BOLZONELLA , Luigino BARISAN , Marco LUCHETTA , Michela OSTAN , Masin MATTEO , Marialuisa 1 1 1 3 TONIELLI , Dario DE MARCO , Stefano LUNARDELLI , Gianni TEO 1 Conegliano Campus 5.1C, Conegliano (Italy); Mail: giovannicargnello@gmail.com Montpellier SupAgro, IHEV, Montpellier (Francia); Mail: alain.carbonneau@supagro.fr 3 Università di Padova - Seat of Conegliano - Treviso (Italy) 2 Corresponding authors: alain.carbonneau@supagro.fr; giovannicargnello@gmail.com

To carry out this project related to the "Charter for “Direct Certification and Direct Guarantee BioMétaÉtique 4.1C Sustainability 4.1C" for GiESCO 2019 which considers "all" tangible and intangible, "physical" and "metaphysical" ones, spiritual and non-spiritual, of believers and non-believers, “believers atheists”, of the “humanae sàp...

Giovanni CARGNELLO , Manlio DOLIONI , Gianni TEO , Cristian BOLZONELLA 3 1 Conegliano Campus 5.1C Consorzio Vitivinicolo. Apicultore 3 Università di Padova - Seat of Conegliano - Treviso (Italy) 2 Corresponding author: giovannicargnello@gmail.com, CF +39 347 7191342

The use of bees as pollinators in vine varieties with physiologically female flowers (Picolit, Bicane, Ceresa, Moscato rosa, etc.) (Cargnello, 1983) and as bio-indicators for biodiversity and environmental sustainability is well-known. Furthermore, there are interests in: 1-a. Making the viticulture of Belluno (Province of Veneto in North-eastern ...

Marijan BUBOLA , Sanja RADEKA , Sara ROSSI ,Tomislav PLAVŠA , Milan OPLANIĆ , Ádám István HEGYI2, László LAKATOS2, Kálmán Zoltán VACZY2 1 Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, HR-52440 Poreč, Croatia Eszterházy Károly University, Food and Wine Research Institute, Leányka utca 6, H-3300 Eger, Hungary 2 *Corresponding author: marijan@iptpo.hr

Context and purpose of the study - High concentration of sugars in grapes and alcohols in wines is one of the consequences of climate change on viticulture production in several wine regions. One of the options to alleviate this potential problem is to perform severe shoot trimming of the vines to limit the production of carbohydrates. Two differe...

Luca BRILLANTE1*, M. Andrew WALKER2, Andrew J. McELRONE2, 3, S. Kaan KURTURAL2 1 Dep. of Viticulture and Enology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740. USA Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 3 USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2 *Corresponding author: lucabrillante@csufresno.edu

Context and purpose of the study – Limited knowledge has been acquired on grapevine roots and rhizosphere processes because of harder access when compared to aerial parts. There is need for new methods to study root behavior in undisturbed field conditions, and relate these effects on canopy and yield. The aim of this multidisciplinary study was...

Luca BRILLANTE1*, Runze YU2, Johann MARTINEZ-LUSCHER2, S. Kaan KURTURAL2 1 Dep. of Viticulture and Enology, California State University, Fresno, CA 93740. USA Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2 *Corresponding author: lucabrillante@csufresno.edu

13 Context and purpose of the study– The measurement of carbon isotopic discrimination of musts (δ C) at harvest is an integrated assessment of water status during ripening of grapevine. It is an alternative to traditional measurements of water status in the field, which is crucial for understanding spatial variability of plant physiology at t...